Sitemap

Site Feeds

• Main RSS Feed
• Comments RSS Feed

Pages

• Home
• RSGB 2022 Convention
  • 2022 Convention lectures
  • Convention 2022 livestream
• AGM 2026
  • AGM 2026 proceedings
  • RSGB 2026 election candidates
  • Voting guidance
  • Cast your vote
  • RSGB elections – unopposed nominations
  • Ask the Board a question
• Booking and paying for your exam
• Buildathons and workshops
  • Blackpool DDS programming workshop 2026
  • Your guide to hosting a buildathon
  • RSGB MCU workshop
• Club booking: exam price increase
• Club Direct to Full exam booking – candidate paying
• Club Direct to Full exam booking – club paying
• Club exam bookings
• Club exam bookings – Direct to Full
• Coding and amateur radio
  • RSGB LoRa balloon challenge
    • How can I use my LoRa tracker now the RSGB challenge has finished?
  • Python Pocket Morse
  • Try our other National Coding week resources
• Contacts
• Course & exam finder
• DRAFT ONLY – FOR REUSE – Individual booking: exam price increase
• Hello
• HRH The Duchess of Edinburgh joins 100 girlguiding members in live contact with ISS
• International member profiles
• International Women in Engineering Day
• Join a friend
• Membership Services portal offline for maintenance
• National Radio Centre – GB3RS
• Outreach
  • Planning a public event
    • Risk management for events
    • Risk assessment
    • Child and vulnerable adult protection
    • Publicity material
    • Event planning checklist
  • Special Event Stations (SES)
    • Organising an SES
    • QSL guidance
    • Apply for an SES Licence
    • Permanent SES
  • STEM and amateur radio
    • The RSGB and STEM
    • STEM and amateur radio working together
  • World Space Week
    • WSW – how can I get involved?
    • WSW – events taking place
• Protecting the spectrum
  • Spectrum access and defence – successes to date
  • Spectrum defence – ongoing concerns
  • Spectrum resources
• Region 5 events
• RSGB 2020 Convention – Online
• RSGB 2021 Convention – Online
• RSGB 2023 Convention – demo only
• RSGB 2025 elections
• RSGB AGM redirect
• RSGB celebrates 100 years of the IARU
• RSGB club exam booking – candidate paying
• RSGB club exam booking – club paying
• RSGB club exam booking – club paying
• RSGB club exam booking – candidate paying
• RSGB club exam booking – candidate paying
• RSGB club exam booking – club paying
• RSGB Construction Competition 2027
  • RSGB Construction Competition 2026
  • RSGB Construction Competition 2025
  • RSGB Construction Competition 2024
  • Construction Competition resources
• RSGB Convention Booking
• RSGB Editions Terms and Conditions
• RSGB elections
  • Election information
  • Shaping the future – can you play your part?
• RSGB elections – nominations now closed
• RSGB examination booking
• Search rsgb.org
• Solar eclipse experiments by the RSGB Propagation Studies Committee
• Student stories
• TEST PAGE
• TEST PAGE – MORE COMING SOON!
• The Coronation of The King and the Queen Consort
  • Coronation call signs
  • Coronation – GB23C UK Flagship SSES
    • GB23C – registration details
  • Beaconnect
    • Beaconnect FAQ’s
    • Beaconnect – registration details
  • Awards for Coronation activities
  • Coronation activity ideas – get involved!
  • Coronation – a special QSL card
• Volunteers’ Week
• Volunteers’ Week
• Your stories
• Beyond Exams Club Scheme
  • Club Scheme – Accredited club locator
  • Club Scheme accredited clubs
• Join the RSGB
  • International membership
• Commonwealth Games
  • HQ station – GB22HQ
  • Special Event Call Signs GB22
  • Commonwealth Games Awards
• Test page
• Tonight @ 8 – live webinars
• Historic Radio Events
• Get on the air to care
  • Get on the air to care… construction competition
  • Get on the air for Christmas (GOTA4C)
  • Get on the air to care… in the media
  • Get on the air to care… clubs, groups and societies
  • Get on the air to care… licensee stories
• AGM 2022
  • Cast your vote
  • Board and Regional Team elections 2022
  • Candidate statements
  • Voting guidance
  • Use your vote in the RSGB elections
  • Watching the AGM live stream
  • Ask the Board a question
• Test page
• AGM 2020 buffet lunch registration
• RSGB examination booking – before 1 May 2024
  • RSGB Remote Invigilation Exam – Terms and Conditions
• RSGB examinations booking – launching today
• Beyond Exams – building experience
  • Brickworks: Building on the Foundation
    • Brickworks: Lots of fun and exciting activities
    • Brickworks: Accredited Club Locator
    • Brickworks: Latest news
    • Brickworks: Awards Presented
    • Brickworks: Becoming an Accredited Club
    • Brickworks: Frequently Asked Questions
  • RSGB Logbook: Explorer
    • Register online
    • Build a wire antenna
    • Contacts through a repeater
    • Contacts on 2m Band Simplex
    • Parks on the Air (POTA)
    • UK Bunkers on the Air (UK-BOTA)
    • Worked All Britain (WAB)
    • RSGB HF Awards
    • RSGB VHF/UHF Awards
    • Summits on the Air (SOTA)
    • RSGB quiz
    • Download Logbook PDF
    • Your feedback
    • Logbook Explorer champions
• Region 5 Events
• touch test
• Our teams
  • Innovation Team
  • Learning Team
  • Operating Team
  • Representation Team
  • Support Team
• Our policies
  • GPSR Policy
• EMC test helpdesk page
• Test page
• Welcome to the RSGB
• RadCom June 2019, Vol. 95, No. 6
• RadCom Basic
• Test page
• RadCom test page
• Activity
  • Transatlantic Tests
    • The Transatlantic Centenary Tests
      • Transatlantic Centenary Tests – Rules
      • How RSGB Clubs and Members activated the original 1920s call signs
    • Commemorative Transatlantic QSL Card
    • Transatlantic Tests 1
    • Transatlantic Tests 2 – Part 1
    • Transatlantic Tests 2 – Part 2
    • Transatlantic Tests 3
    • Transatlantic Tests 4
    • 2021 Events and Activities
      • ARRL 160m Contest 2021
      • 160m Transatlantic Centenary QSO Party
      • Celebrating 1921 at Ardrossan in 2021
      • Special “/2ZE” suffix authorised to mark the Centenary of Paul Godley’s work
  • ARDF
  • The Queen’s Platinum Jubilee
    • HMQ Platinum Jubilee QSL cards
    • /70 callsign suffixes
    • Award 70
    • Innovation 70
    • Q Regional Secondary Locator
    • Jubilee special event call signs – GB70
    • Tournament 70
    • WSPR 70
  • Useful practical skills for new licensees
  • HF DXpeditions
  • Radio Marathons
    • 75th Anniversary of VE Day and VJ Day amateur radio marathon
      • Recent recipients
• 8: Northern Ireland – TEST ONLY
• Beginners workshop on SDR programming using the Gnu Radio Companion
• #19882 (no title)
• Test page #1
• Board and Regional Manager nominations
• Youngsters on the Air (YOTA) 2017
• RSGB Yearbook 2017 and 2017 Callseeker Plus Product Recall
• Radcom magazine
• Identifying cause of interference FAQ
• RSGB books
• Assessing interference FAQ
• Record breaking contact
• Membership and commercial
• GB2RS News
  • GB2RS News Scripts
  • GB2RS Headlines
  • GB2RS Contest News
  • GB2RS DX News
  • GB2RS Special Events
  • GB2RS Propagation News
  • GB2RS Rallies and Events
  • GB2RS Podcast
  • GB2RS News Broadcast Schedule
  • GB2RS in Morse!
  • GB2RS 70th anniversary
    • GB2RS Newsreader Stories
• Clubs
  • Club Finder
  • UK Club Finder
  • Club insurance
    • RSGB Member groups insurance cover
  • Club affiliation
    • Affiliation for clubs, groups and societies
      • How to affiliate your club
    • Affiliation for school and university clubs
  • Media guide for affiliated clubs
  • Events Pack
  • UK events
  • Special Interest Groups
    • Amplitude Modulation ARS
    • AMSAT UK
    • British Amateur Radio Teledata Group
    • British Amateur Television Club
    • British inland Waterways on the air
    • British Railways Amateur Radio Society
    • British Young Ladies AR Association
    • CDXC: The UK DX Foundation
    • First Class CW Operators’ Club (FOC)
    • GQRP Club
    • RAIBC
    • Radio Amateur Old Timers’ Association
    • RAYNET-UK
    • Radio Officers’ Association
    • Royal Naval Amateur Radio Society
    • The Online Radio Club
    • UKBOTA
    • UK Microwave Group (UKuG)
    • UK Six Metre Group
    • Vintage and Military ARS
    • Worked All Britain
    • World Radiosport Team Championship (WRTC)
    • Youth Contesting Group
• Archives
  • Photo Archive
  • Events Archive
    • AGM 2025
      • AGM 2025 proceedings
      • Cast your vote
      • Voting guidance
      • Ask the Board a question
    • AGM 2024
      • AGM 2024 proceedings
      • Cast your vote
      • Voting guidance
      • Use your vote in the RSGB elections
      • Candidates for endorsement as Nominated Directors
      • AGM 2024 – ask the Board a question
      • RSGB elections – unopposed nominations
    • AGM 2023
      • AGM 2023 proceedings
      • Candidate video interviews and personal statements
      • Voting guidance
      • Cast your vote
      • Use your vote in the RSGB elections
      • Ask the Board a question
      • RSGB elections unopposed nominations
    • AGM 2022
    • AGM 2021
      • Candidate statements
      • AGM 2021 proceedings
      • 2020 Trophies and Awards
      • Your written questions – the answers
      • AGM 2021 archived live stream
    • AGM 2020
      • Candidate statements
      • RSGB Annual Report and Financial Statements
      • AGM 2020 Proceedings
      • 2019 Trophies and Awards
    • AGM 2019
      • AGM 2019 Proceedings
      • RSGB Annual Report and Financial Statements
    • AGM 2018
      • AGM 2018 Calling Notice
        • Explanatory notes
    • AGM 2017
      • Club of the Year 2016 – Regional winners
      • Calling Notice for AGM 2017
      • Candidates for RSGB Board vacancy
      • Candidates for Region 10 election
    • AGM 2016
      • AGM 2016 details
    • AGM 2015
      • AGM 2015 details
    • AGM 2014
    • Cricket World Cup Radio Marathon 2019
    • UK Spectrum Policy Forum
    • Centenary 2013
      • Centenary Station
        • Old Station Calendars
        • Operating statistics
          • Region 1 Statistics
          • Region 2 Statistics
          • Region 3 Statistics
          • Region 4 Statistics
          • Region 5 Statistics
          • Region 6 Statistics
          • Region 7 Statistics
          • Region 8 Statistics
          • Region 9 Statistics
          • Region 10 Statistics
          • Region 11 Statistics
          • Region 12 Statistics
          • Region 13 Statistics
        • Putting on a station
          • Centenary log format
          • Pile-up management
      • Centenary videos
      • Centenary Dinner Photographs
      • Centenary Club of the Year
      • RSGB Wall of History
      • Centenary Construction Competition
        • Competition Application Form
      • Convention-on-the-Road
      • Centenary Article in ITP Journal
      • IET/RSGB Joint Meeting
      • RSGB Centenary Challenge
      • RSGB Centenary Award
        • Centenary VHF/UHF Award
          • VHF/UHF Scoring Guidance
        • Centenary HF Award
          • HF Scoring Guidance
        • Centenary Award – Claims and Check Sheet
      • G100RSGB Commemorative Certificate
      • Centenary Challenge Leaderboard certificate
      • Online Log and QSL information
        • Outstanding Logs
  • Consultations Archive
    • Survey on amateur radio
    • New draft syllabus 2017 – consultation
    • Consultation on the RSGB’s future direction
    • Report on the 2015 Review of Contesting
    • Ofcom-Amateur consultations
      • 2014 UK Amateur Licence Review
        • RSGB Commentary
        • RSGB Guidance for Responding
        • Review Questions Consultation
      • Licence Review – Implementation
    • IARU 2014 Consultation
      • IARU 2014 Consultation forum
    • HF and VHF Contest Rules
    • 5MHz Consultation
    • Microwave Spectrum release
    • Contest General Rules proposals
    • RSGB Strategy and Governance proposals
    • 144MHz data band plan proposals
    • Queen’s Diamond Jubilee QSO Party
    • New 5 MHz NoV proposals
    • Amateur Radio Survey 2015
  • Publications Archive
    • New Starter’s Newsletter
    • Books Extra OLD
• Join the RSGB
• RSGB Data Protection video and quiz
• Getting started
  • What is amateur radio?
    • What sort of people become radio amateurs?
    • What can I do with amateur radio ?
    • What will I enjoy about amateur radio?
    • How do I get started in amateur radio?
  • Gained your licence – what next?
  • First steps after gaining your licence
    • Getting on the air with your new licence
    • Getting help – finding a local club
    • Other resources
  • Setting up your station
    • Buying a new transceiver
    • Buying a used transceiver
    • Other equipment you may need
    • Safety in the Shack
  • Antennas – a primer
    • Antenna Safety
    • Your first antenna – the half-wave dipole
    • End-fed wire antennas
  • Operating your new station
    • Making your first QSO
    • Operating procedures and etiquette
    • HF DXing – how to do it
    • LF and HF propagation
    • Beginner’s Guide to Contesting
    • VHF/UHF Propagation
    • How to send and receive QSL cards
    • Morse code is still worth learning – but why?
    • PSK31 – work the world with low power
    • The NCDXF International Beacon Project
  • EMC considerations
    • Avoiding interference to others
    • Minimising interference to your station
  • RadCom Basics
  • Amateur Radio: A Hobby for the 21st Century
  • Alex discovers amateur radio
• Training
  • Course & exam finder
  • Student information
    • Foundation Licence
      • Foundation Practicals – video guides
    • Intermediate Licence
    • Full Licence
    • Direct to Full Licence
    • Exam Manuals
    • Booking and paying for your exam
    • Online training resources
  • Tutor information
    • Exam Specifications
      • Background
      • Syllabus 2019 Updates
    • Train the Trainers events
    • Guidance for Trainers
      • Writing exam questions
      • Training, Assessments & Exams Guide
    • Advice & training materials
    • Tutors’ Newsletter
    • Exam Conduct and Checklists
    • Old Syllabus
  • Resources for students and tutors
    • Foundation licence resources
    • Intermediate licence resources
    • Full licence resources
    • Mock exams
    • Audio and Braille resources
  • Exam FAQs
  • Exam forms
    • Exam challenges and queries
  • Examination announcements
  • Cadets Foundation licence application
  • Schools Link Project
  • Logos and posters
  • Demonstration guides
• Sorry, your login failed
• RSGB Membership Services
  • Renew your membership
  • Update your membership details
  • Events planner
    • Locations listing
  • Bletchley Park visitors’ voucher
  • Discounted museum entry
    • Amberley Museum
    • Bawdsey Radar Museum
    • Internal Fire Museum of Power
    • PK Porthcurno – Museum of Global Communications
    • Royal Signals Museum
    • The National Museum of Computing
• Contact
  • RSGB Regional Team
• Publications
  • RSGB digital publications platform
    • Information, dates and deadlines
      • General guidance on sending news and features
      • Photographs for RadCom and the RSGB website
      • Information for readers
      • Information for authors
      • RadCom copy deadlines
      • Delivery dates
      • RadCom review policy
      • RadCom Members’ Ads
      • RSGB Commercial Advertising
    • Supplementary material and errata
      • Errata – Antenna Traps, RadCom June & July 2020
      • Errata – Coherent ADC, RadCom January 2021
      • Antenna Matching And All That, January 2020
      • Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway
      • Special Event Stations April 2018
      • Abbreviations and acronyms
      • RadCom downloads
      • Solar information for January 2017
      • RadCom Starting out in Morse extra
      • Airlite 62 cable replacement
      • The Last Word
    • Silent Keys
    • Free sample Radcom
  • RadCom Plus
    • Supplementary material
      • RadCom Plus downloads
  • RadCom Basics
  • Books Extra
  • Video
    • About the RSGB
      • What we do
        • About the RSGB – GB2RS News Service
    • The excitement of amateur radio
    • Practical skills videos
    • Technical videos
    • RSGB Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2022 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2021 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2020 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2019 Convention lectures
        • Convention 2019 lecture details
      • RSGB 2018 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2017 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2016 Convention lectures
      • RSGB 2015 Convention lectures
    • RSGB Strategy
    • Syllabus resources
    • Young amateurs
      • YOTA 2017
        • Vlogs
        • Daily Diaries
        • Celebrating YOTA 2017 in the UK
        • YOTA 2017 Convention lecture
      • The future of amateur radio
    • Film archive
    • Video – conditions of use
• Consultations
  • Active Consultations
  • IARU Consultations
  • Guidelines & etiquette
• Help
  • Browser Accessibility Settings
• National Radio Centre
• FAQs
  • Amateur radio
  • Becoming a radio amateur
  • DBS Checks
  • Insurance
  • Exams: candidates
  • Exams: club bookings
  • Exams: trainers
  • Planning
  • EMF
  • Interference: receiving
  • Interference: causing
  • IOTA
• RSGB Members login
• Accessibility
  • Site visual preferences
• Legals
• RSGB privacy policy
  • RSGB cookies policy
    • Disabling cookies in your browser
• Posts index
• Internet Guidelines
• Sitemap
• Welcome to RSGB main site
• About Us
  • Careers
  • RSGB Convention
    • RSGB 2026 Convention – programme and speakers
    • RSGB 2026 Convention livestream
    • RSGB 2026 Convention – workshops
      • RSGB 2026 Convention – NanoVNA Essentials workshop
      • RSGB 2026 Convention workshop – AI: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
      • RSGB 2026 Convention workshop – Finding RFI and minimising its impact
    • RSGB 2026 Convention – Youth activities
    • RSGB Committees and Special Interest Groups room
    • What else is happening at the RSGB 2026 Convention?
      • Forums and drop-in sessions
      • RSGB Convention 2026 menus
    • RSGB 2026 Convention Booking Terms and Conditions
  • Youngsters on the Air (YOTA)
    • YOTA summer camps
      • YOTA Austria 2026
        • Updates from Austria 2026
      • YOTA Paris 2025
        • Updates from YOTA Paris 2025
      • YOTA Czechia 2024
        • Updates from YOTA Czechia 2024
      • YOTA Hungary 2023
        • Updates from YOTA 2023 Hungary
      • YOTA Croatia 2022
        • Updates from YOTA 2022 Croatia
      • YOTA Netherlands 2019
        • Updates from YOTA 2019 Netherlands
      • YOTA Bulgaria 2019
        • Updates from YOTA 2019 Bulgaria
      • YOTA South Africa 2018
        • YOTA 2018 RSGB team
      • Youngsters on the Air (YOTA) 2017
        • YOTA 2017 – What happened?
        • YOTA 2017 – News archive
        • YOTA 2017 – Team
        • YOTA 2017 – Vlog
        • YOTA 2017 – Supporters
        • YOTA 2017 – Awards
          • YOTA 2017 Award application
          • YOTA 2017 Special Award application
        • YOTA 2017 – Helpers
        • YOTA 2017 – Daily Diaries
      • YOTA Austria 2016
    • YOTA Month
      • YOTA Month 2025
      • YOTA Month 2024
      • YOTA Month 2023
      • YOTA Month 2022
      • YOTA Month 2020
      • YOTA Month 2021
      • YOTA Month 2019
      • YOTA Month 2018
      • YOTA Month 2017
      • YOTA Month 2015
  • GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)
  • RSGB Strategy
    • RSGB strategic priority updates
    • RSGB Strategy 2017-2022
      • RSGB Strategy – Introduction
      • RSGB Strategy – Priorities
      • RSGB Strategy – RadCom editorials
      • RSGB Strategy – Videos
  • What we do
  • Ethics
  • Committees
    • Regional Forum
    • ARDF Committee
      • Terms of Reference
      • Members
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • Contest Support Committee
      • Terms of Reference
      • Minutes and Reports
      • Contact
    • EMC Committee
      • Members
      • Papers
      • Terms of Reference
      • Minutes and Reports
      • Contact
    • ETC Committee
      • Members
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • Examinations Standards Committee
      • Members
      • Exams and Syllabus Review Group
        • Members
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • HF Contest Committee
      • Terms of Reference
      • Minutes and Reports
      • Contact
      • A Beginner’s Guide to HF Contesting
      • Getting Starting in Contesting
        • 1. Introduction
        • 2. Getting Prepared
        • 3. Choosing Your First Contest
          • 3.1 Data Contesting Techniques
        • 4. Before the Contest
        • 5. After the Contest
        • 6. Scoring and Adjudication
        • 7. When you receive the results
        • 8. Learning to do better next time
        • 9. Help and Support
        • 10. Next Steps
    • Legacy Committee
      • Members
      • Projects
      • Contact
    • Planning Advisory Committee
      • Terms of Reference
      • Members
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • Propagation Studies Committee (PSC)
      • Terms of Reference
      • Projects
      • Members
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • Spectrum Forum
      • Members
      • Meeting Minutes
      • Papers and Consultations
      • Terms of Reference
      • Spectrum Strategy
      • IARU matters
        • IARU-R1 Interim Meetings
        • IARU-R1 Conferences
    • Technical Forum
      • TF – Terms of Reference
      • TF – Membership
    • Training and Education Committee (TEC)
      • Members and Projects
        • RSGB construction tool kit
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • Contact
    • VHF Contest Committee
      • Terms of Reference
      • Minutes and Reports
      • Contact
    • RSGB Youth Committee
      • Members
      • Projects
        • YOTA South Africa 2018
        • Project DX15: Wales Youth DXpedition
      • Minutes, Papers and Reports
      • RSGB Youth Committee newsletter
  • How we are organised
  • Board of Directors
    • RSGB President
    • Board proceedings and reports
    • Presidential Review of Contesting
    • Legacy Committee
      • Terms of Reference
    • Nominations Committee
      • Meeting minutes
  • Honorary Officers
    • ARISS Coordinator
    • Awards Manager
    • GB2RS Manager
    • HF Manager
    • Intruder Watch Coordinator
    • Microwave Manager
    • OAS Coordinator
    • RSGB Trophies Manager
    • Special Interest Groups Manager
    • VHF Manager
  • Regions and Regional Team
    • 1: Scotland South & Western Isles
      • Region 1 Team
      • Region 1 News
    • 2: Scotland North & Northern Isles
      • Region 2 Team
      • Region 2 News
    • 3: England North-West
      • Region 3 Team
      • Region 3 News
    • 4: England North-East
      • Region 4 Team
      • Region 4 News
    • 5: England West Midlands
      • Region 5 Team
      • Region 5 News
    • 6: North Wales
      • Region 6 Team
      • Region 6 News
    • 7: South Wales
      • Region 7 Team
      • Region 7 News
    • 8: Northern Ireland
      • Region 8 Team
      • Region 8 News
    • 9: England London & Thames Valley
      • Region 9 Team
      • Region 9 News
    • 10: England South & South-East
      • Region 10 Team
      • Region 10 News
    • 11: England South-West & Channel Isl.
      • Region 11 Team
      • Region 11 News
    • 12: England East & East Anglia
      • Region 12 Team
      • Region 12 News
    • 13: England East Midlands
      • Region 13 Team
      • Region 13 News
  • Volunteer Leadership Team
    • Members
    • Key messages from VLT meetings
    • Annual VLT/Committee reports
  • Code of Conduct and Ethos
  • Volunteering opportunities
  • Articles of Association
  • Have Your Say
  • Company information
    • RSGB accounts
  • Youth
    • School Zone
      • School Zone stories
    • University Corner
      • University Corner stories
    • British Science Week
      • Try our British Science Week resources
        • Activities for all 
        • In your community
        • Schools and youth groups
        • Friends and family
        • British Science Week 2026
          • British Science Week events 2026
        • British Science Week 2025
          • British Science Week events 2025
        • British Science Week 2024
          • NRC
        • British Science Week 2023
    • JOTA and Radio Scouting
      • JOTA Stations on the Air
    • Thinking Day on the Air
    • DMR Youth Net
  • Customer Services Policy
  • RSGB Presidents
    • RSGB Life Vice-Presidents
    • RSGB Honorary Vice-Presidents
  • RSGB Board Chairs
  • RSGB National Radio Centre
    • What will you discover at the RSGB National Radio Centre?
    • Visiting us
    • Visitor comments
    • Operating GB3RS
    • Events and group visits
    • Volunteer with us
    • The RSGB and Voluntary Interceptors
• News
  • Principia Mission
  • Regional news
  • Rallies and events
  • RSGB notices
  • COVID-19: RSGB updates and resources
  • Special focus issues
    • Licence Review
    • WRC-27 and WRC-31
    • WRC-23
    • WRC-19
      • WRC-19 Papers
    • WRC-15
      • WRC-15 Papers
    • WRC-12
    • PLA-PLT
• Operating
  • Operating Guidelines
  • DX Code of Conduct
  • Operating Advisory Service
    • OAS Coordinator
    • Regional Operating Advisors
    • Contact OAS
  • Awards
    • Award stories
    • Foundation awards
    • HF awards
    • VHF/UHF awards
    • Worked All UK & Crown Dependency Prefixes awards
    • Recent RSGB award recipients
    • Youth awards
      • Radio Surfer Award
      • Youth Award
    • IOTA Programme
    • RSGB trophies
      • AGM trophy recipients 2026
      • AGM trophy recipients 2025
      • AGM trophy recipients 2024
      • Awards photo galleries
  • Band Plans and information
    • Tabbed display
    • LF and MF bands
    • HF bands
      • 3.5MHz
      • 5MHz
        • UK 5MHz Beacon Chain
      • 7MHz
      • 10MHz
      • 14MHz
      • 18MHz
      • 21MHz
      • 24MHz
      • 28MHz
    • VHF & UHF bands
      • VHF Spectrum Release
      • 50MHz Band: 50.0 – 52.0MHz
      • 70MHz Band: 70.0 – 70.5MHz
      • 144MHz Band: 144.0 – 146.0MHz
      • 432MHz Band: 430.0 – 440.0 MHz
    • Microwave bands
      • Spectrum Release
      • 1.3, 2.3 and 3.4 GHz
      • 5.7 and 10 GHz
      • 24, 47 and 76 GHz
      • 122, 134 and 248 GHz
      • Terahertz
  • Beacons & Repeaters
    • UK Repeaters
    • HF Beacons
    • VHF, UHF and Microwave Beacons
    • Beacon Policy
    • Beacon and repeater insurance
  • Emergency communications
    • RAYNET ID cards
    • RSGB affiliated emergency groups
  • HF DXpedition Fund
    • DXpeditions supported
    • Application for support
  • Licensing, NoVs and visitors
    • UK Amateur Licensing
      • Guidance resources
      • Licence Revalidation
      • Silent Key Guidance
      • Licensing History
    • Operating Abroad
    • Applying for a Special Event Station
    • Permanent Special Event Stations
    • Operating for Visitors
    • Online NoV applications
      • 70.5 MHz and 71.5 MHz NoV
      • 146 and 147MHz NoV
      • 2300-2302 MHz NoV
      • Above 275GHz NoV
      • GB2RS Newsreaders NoV
      • Special Contest Call Sign
    • International Prefixes
  • Live DX Cluster
  • Live solar data
  • Morse
    • How do I get started with Morse code?
    • How the RSGB can help me
      • Certificate of Competency – test structure
      • GB2CW broadcast schedule
      • Morse videos
    • Additional resources for Morse
    • History of Morse
  • Planning matters
    • Planning Advice Booklet
    • Planning Panel
  • RSGB QSL Bureau
    • Important changes to the Bureau
    • What is a QSL Card?
    • How to receive QSL cards
    • How to send cards to the Bureau
    • Fast Track and Direct Print services
    • List of QSL sub-managers
    • Who to contact for help at the Bureau
  • Propagation predictions
  • WebSDR receivers
• Technical
  • EMC and EMF
    • VDSL interference reporting
    • EM Field Exposure
      • EMF Earlier Documents/Information
      • EMF Reference Material
    • Experiencing EMC interference?
      • Submit an interference report
      • Interference FAQ
      • EMC Self Diagnosis
      • What does VDSL look like?
    • I am causing interference
    • EMC Leaflets
    • EMC Standards Work
    • Sources of EMC problems
    • EMC Investigations and Presentations
    • Solar PV panels
    • Using EMC filters and ferrites
  • Propagation
    • Propagation Beacons
    • Online propagation tools
      • RadCom online Propagation Prediction Tools
    • PSC – Members’ research
      • g4ifx
      • Propquest – near real-time propagation tool
    • HF Propagation
      • UK short path monthly forecast maps
    • LF and VLF Propagation
    • VHF Propagation
    • Introduction to propagation & propagation terms
    • What’s new and propagation now
    • Auroral Propagation
    • Current ionograms & critical frequencies
      • Understanding Ionograms
    • Current solar and geophysical information
    • Greyline & around the World Propagation
    • Long-Delayed Echoes
    • Meteor Scatter
    • Microwave Propagation
      • Rain Scatter Propagation
    • Optical Communications Propagation
    • Noise Floor Study
      • HF Noise Monitoring Campaign
    • Propagation Prediction Programs and Forecasts
    • Sporadic-E & Spread-F
    • The Magnetosphere and Magnetograms
    • Weather information
  • Microwaves
    • The Microwave Bands
    • Microwave Equipment
    • Microwave DX Propagation
  • Amateur television
  • Space & satellites
    • Amateur Radio in Space video
    • CubeSats & FUNcube
    • Moonbounce (EME)
  • QRP – low power operating
  • Technical forums
  • Apps
  • Making use of emerging technologies
    • Experimenters’ Corner
• Contesting
  • What is contesting?
  • HF Contests
  • VHF Contests
  • RSGB Contest Club
    • BBC Long Wave Shutdown
      • GB1500M Activator Instructions
    • WWA Activator Instructions
  • RadCom Contesting
  • GR2HQ IARU Contest Team
    • GR2HQ 2024 Story
    • GR2HQ 2025 Story
  • Commonwealth Contest
    • Commonwealth Contest – Early History
    • Commonwealth Contest – Evans Committee
• Election forms
• World Cup awards
• Modern Frequency Synthesizers
• 146-147MHz: A New Frontier of Amateur Innovation
• Lectures
• RSGB Convention 2014 Timetable
• RSGB Convention Exhibitions
• Technical Dinner
• RSGB Convention 2015 Timetable
• Nominations guidance and forms
• Convention 2021 programme
• Individual Scheme – guidelines and conditions of use/download
• Morse training
• The Morse test
• Approved Morse assessors
• Consistency and integrity
• Morse appendix
• QSL Cards
• RSGB Club Examinations – Terms and Conditions

Monthly Archives

• November 2026 (9)
• October 2026 (103)
• September 2026 (80)
• August 2026 (85)
• July 2026 (105)
• June 2026 (91)
• May 2026 (100)
• April 2026 (80)
• March 2026 (86)
• February 2026 (98)
• January 2026 (89)
• December 2025 (96)
• November 2025 (82)
• October 2025 (100)
• September 2025 (80)
• August 2025 (110)
• July 2025 (80)
• June 2025 (89)
• May 2025 (110)
• April 2025 (85)
• March 2025 (85)
• February 2025 (83)
• January 2025 (109)
• December 2024 (46)
• November 2024 (103)
• October 2024 (81)
• September 2024 (89)
• August 2024 (106)
• July 2024 (74)
• June 2024 (88)
• May 2024 (98)
• April 2024 (87)
• March 2024 (99)
• February 2024 (88)
• January 2024 (86)
• December 2023 (88)
• November 2023 (88)
• October 2023 (77)
• September 2023 (102)
• August 2023 (88)
• July 2023 (90)
• June 2023 (89)
• May 2023 (99)
• April 2023 (85)
• March 2023 (99)
• February 2023 (73)
• January 2023 (81)
• December 2022 (86)
• November 2022 (84)
• October 2022 (78)
• September 2022 (99)
• August 2022 (85)
• July 2022 (92)
• June 2022 (74)
• May 2022 (92)
• April 2022 (98)
• March 2022 (85)
• February 2022 (101)
• January 2022 (81)
• December 2021 (91)
• November 2021 (89)
• October 2021 (97)
• September 2021 (87)
• August 2021 (76)
• July 2021 (101)
• June 2021 (72)
• May 2021 (81)
• April 2021 (94)
• March 2021 (90)
• February 2021 (73)
• January 2021 (100)
• December 2020 (88)
• November 2020 (83)
• October 2020 (89)
• September 2020 (93)
• August 2020 (98)
• July 2020 (101)
• June 2020 (83)
• May 2020 (123)
• April 2020 (103)
• March 2020 (91)
• February 2020 (79)
• January 2020 (99)
• December 2019 (61)
• November 2019 (116)
• October 2019 (85)
• September 2019 (79)
• August 2019 (94)
• July 2019 (82)
• June 2019 (79)
• May 2019 (101)
• April 2019 (84)
• March 2019 (104)
• February 2019 (83)
• January 2019 (84)
• December 2018 (62)
• November 2018 (100)
• October 2018 (84)
• September 2018 (105)
• August 2018 (103)
• July 2018 (76)
• June 2018 (96)
• May 2018 (64)
• April 2018 (59)
• March 2018 (98)
• February 2018 (86)
• January 2018 (82)
• December 2017 (79)
• November 2017 (90)
• October 2017 (86)
• September 2017 (104)
• August 2017 (98)
• July 2017 (87)
• June 2017 (99)
• May 2017 (76)
• April 2017 (89)
• March 2017 (93)
• February 2017 (82)
• January 2017 (79)
• December 2016 (79)
• November 2016 (77)
• October 2016 (78)
• September 2016 (99)
• August 2016 (80)
• July 2016 (94)
• June 2016 (89)
• May 2016 (82)
• April 2016 (115)
• March 2016 (83)
• February 2016 (79)
• January 2016 (78)
• December 2015 (83)
• November 2015 (99)
• October 2015 (95)
• September 2015 (84)
• August 2015 (79)
• July 2015 (98)
• June 2015 (80)
• May 2015 (97)
• April 2015 (82)
• March 2015 (80)
• February 2015 (84)
• January 2015 (91)
• December 2014 (84)
• November 2014 (82)
• October 2014 (119)
• September 2014 (89)
• August 2014 (96)
• July 2014 (77)
• June 2014 (74)
• May 2014 (89)
• April 2014 (78)
• March 2014 (83)
• February 2014 (78)
• January 2014 (79)
• December 2013 (56)
• November 2013 (96)
• October 2013 (79)
• September 2013 (76)
• August 2013 (100)
• July 2013 (79)
• June 2013 (76)
• May 2013 (117)
• April 2013 (79)
• March 2013 (82)
• February 2013 (18)
• January 2013 (20)
• December 2012 (22)
• November 2012 (45)
• October 2012 (70)
• September 2012 (67)
• August 2012 (12)
• July 2012 (7)
• June 2012 (1)
• May 2012 (3)
• April 2012 (4)
• March 2012 (6)
• February 2012 (19)
• January 2012 (18)
• December 2011 (3)
• November 2011 (1)
• October 2011 (2)
• August 2011 (1)
• July 2011 (1)
• May 2011 (3)
• April 2011 (1)
• February 2011 (4)
• January 2011 (1)
• December 2010 (3)
• November 2010 (1)
• October 2010 (3)
• September 2010 (3)
• July 2010 (1)
• June 2010 (2)
• May 2010 (3)
• April 2010 (1)
• March 2010 (1)
• February 2010 (2)
• January 2010 (1)
• October 2009 (1)
• September 2009 (3)
• July 2009 (1)
• June 2009 (2)
• May 2009 (1)
• October 2008 (1)
• April 2008 (1)
• January 2008 (2)
• September 2007 (1)
• April 2007 (1)
• October 2006 (2)
• September 2006 (1)
• July 2006 (1)
• November 2004 (1)
• September 2003 (1)
• November 2001 (1)

Categories

• All Regions (4,889)
  • News for England East and East Anglia (679)
  • News for England East Midlands (695)
  • News for England North East (689)
  • News for England North West (696)
  • News for England South and South East (689)
  • News for England South West and Channel Islands (693)
  • News for England West Midlands (692)
  • News for London and Thames Valley (680)
  • News for North Wales (692)
  • News for Northern Ireland (690)
  • News for Scotland North and Northern Isles (691)
  • News for Scotland West and Western Isles (691)
  • News for South Wales (692)
• ARDF Committee minutes (6)
• ARDF Committee reports (3)
• ARDF Updates (18)
• ARISS (22)
  • Principia Mission (22)
• Award Stories (13)
• Awards Updates (1)
• Board of Directors posts (41)
  • Board Activity (28)
  • Board proceedings (12)
  • Board Proceedings and Reports (1)
• Board proceedings archive (9)
• Careers (1)
• Data (4)
• EMC Committee Minutes (15)
• EMC Committee papers (7)
• EMC Committee Reports (9)
• Emergency Communications Committee Minutes (9)
• ESC minutes (1)
• ESRG Minutes (5)
• Examination announcements (5)
• Examination Standards Committee Reports (11)
• Front Page News (2,960)
• GOTA2C: Clubs, groups and societies (40)
• GOTA2C: Get on the air for Christmas (GOTA4C) (12)
• GOTA2C: Licensee stories (14)
• GOTA2C: Newspapers (14)
• GOTA2C: Online (35)
• GOTA2C: Radio (19)
• GOTA2C: Radio amateurs (20)
• GOTA2C: TV (5)
• INWED (11)
• News (8,417)
  • Coronavirus Updates (46)
    • CV-News (27)
    • CV-Support (19)
  • GB2RS (7,088)
    • GB2RS 70th Anniversary (3)
    • GB2RS Contest News (724)
    • GB2RS DX News (702)
    • GB2RS Headlines (2,961)
    • GB2RS News Scripts (566)
    • GB2RS Propagation News (721)
    • GB2RS Rallies and Events (656)
    • GB2RS Special Events (714)
  • RSGB Centenary (11)
  • RSGB Notices (1,567)
    • Ofcom-RSGB Forum (8)
  • RSGB Strategy 2022 (26)
  • Silent Keys (395)
  • Special Focus (119)
    • PLA-PLT (33)
    • WRC-12 (23)
    • WRC-15 (22)
    • WRC-19 (27)
    • WRC-23 (13)
• Nominations Committee Meeting Minutes (9)
• Nominations Committee Reports (1)
• NRC news (13)
• Ofcom (3)
• Planning Advisory Committee papers (1)
• Propagation Studies Committee Minutes (37)
• Publications (258)
  • Books Extra (42)
  • Download (11)
  • New Starter's Newsletter (14)
  • Publications Information (3)
  • RadCom (140)
  • RadCom Basics (27)
  • RadCom Basics – HTML5 format (16)
  • The Last Word (5)
• RadCom Plus (13)
• RadCom Plus downloads (1)
• RCF Standards Committee archived reports (5)
• RCF Standards Committee Reports (6)
• RSGB Strategic Priorities (41)
• RSGB Strategy 2022 – priorities (1)
• School Zone stories (21)
• Spectrum Forum posts (57)
  • Spectrum Forum Meeting Minutes (16)
  • Spectrum Forum Papers and Consultations (41)
• Start Here (2)
• Student stories (7)
• Syllabus 2019 news (16)
• Technical Archive (1)
• Technical Forum Meeting Minutes (1)
• Tonight @ 8 (2)
• Tonight @ 8 – archive main list by year (74)
• Training & Education Committee Reports (1)
• Uncategorized (186)
• University and college stories (1)
• University Corner stories (9)
• VLT annual reports (8)
• VLT key messages (6)
• Volunteer Vacancies (17)
• Volunteers' Week (24)
• YOTA 2017 (29)
• YOTA 2018 (8)
• YOTA 2019 (6)
• YOTA 2019 Netherlands (4)
• YOTA 2022 (7)
• YOTA 2023 (6)
• YOTA Austria 2026 updates (7)
• YOTA Czechia 2024 updates (6)
• YOTA Paris 2025 update (6)
• Your stories (36)
• Youth Committee meeting minutes (14)

Top 20 Tags

• YOTA
• contest
• Exams
• emc
• convention
• vdsl
• yota2018
• ham radio
• zs9yota
• survey
• UKAC
• online
• contesting
• construction
• ofcom
• workshop
• IARU
• clubs
• review
• ARISS